How sharp are PV measures?

How Sharp Are Pv Measures?

Properties of sharp observables (normalized PV measures) in relation to smearing by a Markov kernel are studied. It is shown that for a sharp observable P defined on a standard Borel space, and an arbitrary observable M , the following properties are equivalent: (a) the range of P is contained in the range of M ; (b) P is a function of M ; (c) P is a smearing of M .

Country Risk Measures: How Risky Are They?

As global competition drives corporations into distant, unfamiliar markets, managers are searching for ways to minimize their uncertainty. When formulating their strategies for such environments, managers frequently rely on country risk analysis. Assuming that country risk analysis is an objective, fact-finding process, many managers fail to question these risk reports. The focus of this paper ...

Food Taxes: How Likely Are Likely Effects?

Overall job satisfaction: how good are single-item measures?

A meta-analysis of single-item measures of overall job satisfaction (28 correlations from 17 studies with 7,682 people) found an average uncorrected correlation of .63 (SD = .09) with scale measures of overall job satisfaction. The overall mean correlation (corrected only for reliability) is .67 (SD = .08), and it is moderated by the type of measurement scale used. The mean corrected correlatio...

How summary measures of population health are affecting health agendas.

measures of population health (SMPH) combine information on mortality and non-fatal health outcomes to represent the health of a particular population in a single numerical index (1). Traditionally, mortality statistics have been the solid basis of population health measures. They still are, but as preventive and curative health care became more effective at modifying disease patterns, morbidit...